Bitstring , from the wonderful person Fred said
a) The card issuer is NOT allowed to ask for your disability registration, or indeed any details. Occasionally they need reminding about that.
b) You just tell them you are unable to use a Chip & pin card, you want a chip and sig card. Talk to their boss, if they don't understand that simple concept. You may have to tell them 'medical reasons prevent you from using chip and pin'. Afaik, pin-phobia is fine as a medical reason.
c) It helps if they need / want you (i.e. your business) more than you need/want them. But at the end of the day you get what you put up with. If you (and everyone else) declines to accept/use chip & pin cards the card issuers WILL give you an alternative (or cease to exist).
If you've been unable to extract a chip & sig card from your issuer, you are just not doing it right guys and gals. No, they do not make it easy. They are not required to make it easy. They ARE required to make it possible. They DO know how to do it .. there are several hundred thousand chip & sig cards out there. These have a higher security level than chip & pin .. for why? Because there's no point cloning them, because they won't work in an ATM (abroad even), which is where the hot action is. And because it IS possible to prove you didn't sign something you didn't.
OK, chip and fingerprint or chip & DNA sample or chip & retina scan might be safer. Chip & 4 digit PIN number ain't secure - mostly because most of the world's ATMs still take mag stripe and same PIN.